Bahrain From Paul Eggert (2020-07-23): Most of this data comes from: Stewart A. Why Gulf Standard Time is far from standard: the fascinating story behind the time zone's invention. The National (Abu Dhabi). 2020-07-22. https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/why-gulf-standard-time-is-far-from-standard-the-fascinating-story-behind-the-time-zone-s-invention-1.1052589 Stewart writes that before 1941 some companies in Bahrain were at +0330 and others at +0323. Reginald George Alban, a British political agent based in Manama, worked to standardize this, and from 1941-07-20 Bahrain was at +0330. However, BOAC asked that clocks be moved to gain more light at day's end, so Bahrain switched to +04 on 1944-01-01. Re the 1941 transition, Stewart privately sent me this citation: "File 16/53 Enquiries Re: Calculation of Local Time", British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/1564, in Qatar Digital Library https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100000000282.0x00012b It says there was no real standard in Bahrain before 1941-07-20. +0330 was used by steamers of the British India Co, by Petroleum Concessions and by Cable & Wireless; +0323 was used by the Eastern Bank Ltd, BOAC, and Bahrein Petroleum (Bapco), and California Arabian Standard Oil Co (Casoc) adopted DST effective 1941-05-24. Alban suggested adopting DST, R.B. Coomb of C&W countersuggested +0330, and although C.A. Rodstrom of Casoc (formerly of Bapco) stated that Bahrain had formerly used +0330 before Bapco arrived but Bapco switched to +0323 because of "constant confusion", the consensus was +0330. The government adopted +0330 in 1941-07-20 and companies seem to have switched by 08-01. No time of day was given for the 1940s transitions.
Attributed Statements:
Paul Eggert (2020-07-23):
Most of this data comes from: Stewart A. Why Gulf Standard Time is far from standard: the fascinating story behind the time zone's invention. The National (Abu Dhabi). 2020-07-22. https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/why-gulf-standard-time-is-far-from-standard-the-fascinating-story-behind-the-time-zone-s-invention-1.1052589 Stewart writes that before 1941 some companies in Bahrain were at +0330 and others at +0323. Reginald George Alban, a British political agent based in Manama, worked to standardize this, and from 1941-07-20 Bahrain was at +0330. However, BOAC asked that clocks be moved to gain more light at day's end, so Bahrain switched to +04 on 1944-01-01. Re the 1941 transition, Stewart privately sent me this citation: "File 16/53 Enquiries Re: Calculation of Local Time", British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/1564, in Qatar Digital Library https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100000000282.0x00012b It says there was no real standard in Bahrain before 1941-07-20. +0330 was used by steamers of the British India Co, by Petroleum Concessions and by Cable & Wireless; +0323 was used by the Eastern Bank Ltd, BOAC, and Bahrein Petroleum (Bapco), and California Arabian Standard Oil Co (Casoc) adopted DST effective 1941-05-24. Alban suggested adopting DST, R.B. Coomb of C&W countersuggested +0330, and although C.A. Rodstrom of Casoc (formerly of Bapco) stated that Bahrain had formerly used +0330 before Bapco arrived but Bapco switched to +0323 because of "constant confusion", the consensus was +0330. The government adopted +0330 in 1941-07-20 and companies seem to have switched by 08-01. No time of day was given for the 1940s transitions.
backzone(Lines 970 to 997)