Time Zone Changes in 2020

P Chan (2020-10-24):

The standard time of GMT+2:30 was adopted in the East Africa Protectorate....
[The Official Gazette, 1908-05-01, p 274]
https://books.google.com/books?id=e-cAC-sjPSEC&pg=PA274

At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward
half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928.
https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf
[Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Official Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813]
https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813

The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance,
1929 and the time was restored to GMT+2:30 at midnight on 4 January 1930.
[Ordinance No. 97 of 1929, The Official Gazette, 1929-12-31, p 2701]
https://books.google.com/books?id=_g18jIZQlwwC&pg=PA2701

The Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1936 changed the time to GMT+2:45
and repealed the previous ordinance at midnight on 31 December 1936.
[The Official Gazette, 1936-07-21, p 705]
https://books.google.com/books?id=K7j41z0aC5wC&pg=PA705

The Defence (Amendment of Laws No. 120) Regulations changed the time
to GMT+3 at midnight on 31 July 1942.
[Kenya Official Gazette Supplement No. 32, 1942-07-21, p 331]
https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-TW&id=c_E-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA331
The provision of the 1936 ordinance was not repealed and was later
incorporated in the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance in 1948.
Although it was overridden by the 1942 regulations.
[The Laws of Kenya in force on 1948-09-21, Title I, Chapter 1, 31]
https://dds.crl.edu/item/217517 (p.101)
In 1950 the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance was amended to adopt
GMT+3 permanently as the 1942 regulations were due to expire on 10 December.
https://books.google.com/books?id=jvR8mUDAwR0C&pg=PA787
[Ordinance No. 44 of 1950, Kenya Ordinances 1950, Vol. XXIX, p 294]
https://books.google.com/books?id=-_dQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA294

Attached to: Africa/Nairobi (africa)

Paul Eggert (2020-10-24):

The 1908-05-01 announcement does not give an effective date,
so just say "1908 May".

Attached to: Africa/Nairobi (africa)

Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14):

Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to
GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and
the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m....
https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/
http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1

From Milamber (2020-05-31)
In Morocco (where I live), the end of Ramadan (Arabic month) is followed by
the Eid al-Fitr, and concretely it's 1 or 2 day offs for the people (with
traditional visiting of family, big lunches/dinners, etc.).  So for this
year the astronomical calculations don't include the following 2 days off in
the calc.  These 2 days fall in a Sunday/Monday, so it's not acceptable by
people to have a time shift during these 2 days off.  Perhaps you can modify
the (predicted) rules for next years: if the end of Ramadan is a (probable)
Friday or Saturday (and so the 2 days off are on a weekend), the next time
shift will be the next weekend.

Attached to: Morocco (africa)

P Chan (2020-12-03):

GMT was adopted as the standard time of Lagos on 1905-07-01.
Lagos Weekly Record, 1905-06-24, p 3
http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558#?c=0&m=668&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1446,5221,1931,1235
says "It is officially notified that on and after the 1st of July 1905
Greenwich Mean Solar Time will be adopted throughout the Colony and
Protectorate, and that it will be necessary to put all clocks 13 minutes and
35 seconds back, recording local mean time."

It seemed that Lagos returned to LMT on 1908-07-01.
[The Lagos Standard], 1908-07-01, p 5
http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31556#?c=0&m=78&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-92,3590,3944,2523
says "Scarcely have the people become accustomed to this new time, when
another official notice has now appeared announcing that from and after the
1st July next, return will be made to local mean time."

Attached to: Africa/Lagos (africa)

P Chan (2020-11-27):

On 1914-01-01, standard time of GMT+0:30 was adopted for the unified Nigeria.
Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 878. Nigeria. Report for 1914. (April 1916),
p 27
https://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/Africana/Books2011-05/3064634/3064634_1914/3064634_1914_opt.pdf#page=27
"On January 1st [1914], a universal standard time for Nigeria was adopted,
viz., half an hour fast on Greenwich mean time, corresponding to the meridian
7° 30' E. long."
Lloyd's Register of Shipping (1915) says "Hitherto the time observed in Lagos
was the local mean time. On 1st January, 1914, standard time for the whole of
Nigeria was introduced ... Lagos time has been advanced about 16 minutes
accordingly."

In 1919, standard time was changed to GMT+1.
Interpretation Ordinance (Cap 2)
The Laws of Nigeria, Containing the Ordinances of Nigeria, in Force on the
1st Day of January, 1923, Vol.I [p 16]
https://books.google.com/books?id=BOMrAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA16
"The expression 'Standard time' means standard time as used in Nigeria:
namely, 60 minutes in advance of Greenwich mean time.  (As amended by 18 of
1919, s. 2.)"

Attached to: Africa/Lagos (africa)

Tim Parenti (2020-12-10):

The Lagos Weekly Record, 1919-09-20, p 3 details discussion on the first
reading of this Bill by the Legislative Council of the Colony of Nigeria on
Thursday 1919-08-28:
http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558?terms&item_id=303484#?m=1118&c=1&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1261,3408,2994,1915
"The proposal is that the Globe should be divided into twelve zones East and
West of Greenwich, of one hour each, Nigeria falling into the zone with a
standard of one hour fast on Greenwich Mean Time.  Nigeria standard time is
now 30 minutes in advance of Greenwich Mean Time ... according to the new
proposal, standard time will be advanced another 30 minutes".  It was further
proposed that the firing of the time guns likewise be adjusted by 30 minutes
to compensate.

Attached to: Africa/Lagos (africa)

Tim Parenti (2020-12-10):

The text of Ordinance 18 of 1919, published in Nigeria Gazette, Vol 6, No 52,
shows that the change was assented to the following day and took effect "on
the 1st day of September, 1919."
Nigeria Gazette and Supplements 1919 Jan-Dec, Reference: 73266B-40,
img 245-246
https://microform.digital/boa/collections/77/volumes/539/nigeria-lagos-1887-1919

Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Attached to: Africa/Lagos (africa)

Steffen Thorsen (2020-10-02, as corrected):

Based on information we have received from the Australian Antarctic
Division, Casey station and Macquarie Island station will move to Tasmanian
daylight savings time on Sunday 4 October. This will take effect from 0001
hrs on Sunday 4 October 2020 and will mean Casey and Macquarie Island will
be on the same time zone as Hobart.  Some past dates too for this 3 hour
time change back and forth between UTC+8 and UTC+11 for Casey:
- 2018 Oct  7 4:00 - 2019 Mar 17 3:00 - 2019 Oct  4 3:00 - 2020 Mar  8 3:00
and now - 2020 Oct  4 0:01

Attached to: Antarctica/Casey (antarctica)

Phake Nick (2020-04-15):

According to this news report:
http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-09-01/19524201403.shtml
on April 11, 1919, newspaper in Shanghai said clocks in Shanghai will spring
forward for an hour starting from midnight of that Saturday. The report did
not mention what happened in Shanghai thereafter, but it mentioned that a
similar trial in Tianjin which ended at October 1st as citizens are told to
recede the clock on September 30 from 12:00pm to 11:00pm. The trial at
Tianjin got terminated in 1920.

Attached to: Shang (asia)

Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):

The Returns of Trade and Trade Reports, page 711, says "Daylight saving was
given a trial during the year, and from the 12th April to the 1st October
the clocks were all set one hour ahead of sun time.  Though the scheme was
generally esteemed a success, it was announced early in 1920 that it would
not be repeated."

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Shang (asia)

Phake Nick (2020-04-15):

For the history of time in Shanghai between 1940-1942, the situation is
actually slightly more complex than the table [below]....  At the time,
there were three different authorities in Shanghai, including Shanghai
International Settlement, a settlement established by western countries with
its own westernized form of government, Shanghai French Concession, similar
to the international settlement but is controlled by French, and then the
rest of the city of Shanghai, which have already been controlled by Japanese
force through a puppet local government (Wang Jingwei regime).  It was
additionally complicated by the circumstances that, according to the 1940s
Shanghai summer time essay cited in the database, some
departments/businesses/people in the Shanghai city itself during that time
period, refused to change their clock and instead only changed their opening
hours.

For example, as quoted in the article, in 1940, other than the authority
itself, power, tram, bus companies, cinema, department stores, and other
public service organizations have all decided to follow the summer time and
spring forward the clock.  On the other hand, the custom office refused to
spring forward the clock because of worry on mechanical wear to the physical
clock, postal office refused to spring forward because of disruption to
business and log-keeping, although they did changed their office hour to
match rest of the city.  So is travel agents, and also weather
observatory.  It is said both time standards had their own supporters in the
city at the time, those who prefer new time standard would have moved their
clock while those who prefer the old time standard would keep their clock
unchange, and there were different clocks that use different time standard
in the city at the time for people who use different time standard to adjust
their clock to their preferred time.

a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay [says] ... "Hong
Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time on
the same date as Shanghai".

b. For the 1940 fall back, it was said that they initially intended to do
so on September 30 00:59 at night, however they postponed it to October 12
after discussion with relevant parties. However schools restored to the
original schedule ten days earlier.

c. For the 1941 spring forward, it is said to start from March 15
"following the previous year's method", and in addition to that the essay
cited an announcement in 1941 from the Wang regime which said the Special
City of Shanghai under Wang regime control will follow the DST rule set by
the Settlements, irrespective of the original DST plan announced by the Wang
regime for other area under its control(April 1 to September 30). (no idea
to situation before that announcement)

d. For the 1941 fall back, it was said that the fall back would occurs at
the end of September (A newspaper headline cited by the essay, published on
October 1, 1941, have the headlines which said "French Concession would
rewind to the old clock this morning), but it ultimately didn't happen due
to disagreement between the international settlement authority and the
French concession authority, and the fall back ultimately occurred on
November 1.

e. In 1941 December, Japan have officially started war with the United
States and the United Kingdom, and in Shanghai they have marched into the
international settlement, taken over its control

f. For the 1942 spring forward, the essay said that the spring forward
started on January 31. It said this time the custom office and postal
department will also change their clocks, unlike before.

g. The essay itself didn't cover any specific changes thereafter until the
end of the war, it quoted a November 1942 command from the government of the
Wang regime, which claim the daylight saving time applies year round during
the war. However, the essay ambiguously said the period is "February 1 to
September 30", which I don't really understand what is the meaning of such
period in the context of year round implementation here.. More researches
might be needed to show exactly what happened during that period of time.

Attached to: Shang (asia)

Phake Nick (2020-04-15):

According to a Japanese tour bus pamphlet in Nanjing area believed to be
from around year 1941: http://www.tt-museum.jp/tairiku_0280_nan1941.html ,
the schedule listed was in the format of Japanese time.  Which indicate some
use of the Japanese time (instead of syncing by DST) might have occurred in
the Yangtze river delta area during that period of time although the scope
of such use will need to be investigated to determine.

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Shang (asia)

Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):

Here are the dates given at
https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/gts/time/Summertime.htm
as of 2020-02-10:
Year        Period
1941        15 Jun to 30 Sep
1942        Whole year
1943        Whole year
1944        Whole year
1945        Whole year
1946        20 Apr to 1 Dec
1947        13 Apr to 30 Nov
1948        2 May to 31 Oct
1949        3 Apr to 30 Oct
1950        2 Apr to 29 Oct
1951        1 Apr to 28 Oct
1952        6 Apr to 2 Nov
1953        5 Apr to 1 Nov
1954        21 Mar to 31 Oct
1955        20 Mar to 6 Nov
1956        18 Mar to 4 Nov
1957        24 Mar to 3 Nov
1958        23 Mar to 2 Nov
1959        22 Mar to 1 Nov
1960        20 Mar to 6 Nov
1961        19 Mar to 5 Nov
1962        18 Mar to 4 Nov
1963        24 Mar to 3 Nov
1964        22 Mar to 1 Nov
1965        18 Apr to 17 Oct
1966        17 Apr to 16 Oct
1967        16 Apr to 22 Oct
1968        21 Apr to 20 Oct
1969        20 Apr to 19 Oct
1970        19 Apr to 18 Oct
1971        18 Apr to 17 Oct
1972        16 Apr to 22 Oct
1973        22 Apr to 21 Oct
1973/74     30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74
1975        20 Apr to 19 Oct
1976        18 Apr to 17 Oct
1977        Nil
1978        Nil
1979        13 May to 21 Oct
1980 to Now Nil
The page does not give times of day for transitions,
or dates for the 1942 and 1945 transitions.
The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began 1941-12-25.

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: HK (asia)

P Chan (2020-10-27):

1940-1946 Supplement No. 2 to the Palestine Gazette
# issue page  Order No.   dated      start        end         note
1 1010  729  67 of 1940 1940-05-22 1940-05-31* 1940-09-30* revoked by #2
2 1013  758  73 of 1940 1940-05-31 1940-05-31  1940-09-30
3 1055 1574 196 of 1940 1940-11-06 1940-11-16  1940-12-31
4 1066 1811 208 of 1940 1940-12-17 1940-12-31  1941-12-31
5 1156 1967 116 of 1941 1941-12-16 1941-12-31  1942-12-31* amended by #6
6 1228 1608  86 of 1942 1942-10-14 1941-12-31  1942-10-31
7 1256  279  21 of 1943 1943-03-18 1943-03-31  1943-10-31
8 1323  249  19 of 1944 1944-03-13 1944-03-31  1944-10-31
9 1402  328  20 of 1945 1945-04-05 1945-04-15  1945-10-31
10 1487  596  14 of 1946 1946-04-04 1946-04-15  1946-10-31

1948 Iton Rishmi (Official Gazette of the Provisional Government)
#    issue    page   dated      start       end
11 2             7 1948-05-20 1948-05-22 1948-10-31*
^This moved timezone to +04, replaced by #12 from 1948-08-31 24:00 GMT.
12 17 (Annex B) 84 1948-08-22 1948-08-31 1948-10-31

1949-2000 Kovetz HaTakanot (Collection of Regulations)
# issue page  dated      start       end            note
13    6  133 1949-03-23 1949-04-30  1949-10-31
14   80  755 1950-03-17 1950-04-15  1950-09-14
15  164  782 1951-03-22 1951-03-31  1951-09-29* amended by #16
16  206 1940 1951-09-23 ----------  1951-10-22* amended by #17
17  212   78 1951-10-19 ----------  1951-11-10
18  254  652 1952-03-03 1952-04-19  1952-09-27* amended by #19
19  300   11 1952-09-15 ----------  1952-10-18
20  348  817 1953-03-03 1953-04-11  1953-09-12
21  420  385 1954-02-17 1954-06-12  1954-09-11
22  497  548 1955-01-14 1955-06-11  1955-09-10
23  591  608 1956-03-12 1956-06-02  1956-09-29
24  680  957 1957-02-08 1957-04-27  1957-09-21
25 3192 1418 1974-06-28 1974-07-06  1974-10-12
26 3322 1389 1975-04-03 1975-04-19  1975-08-30
27 4146 2089 1980-07-15 1980-08-02  1980-09-13
28 4604 1081 1984-02-22 1984-05-05* 1984-08-25* revoked by #29
29 4619 1312 1984-04-06 1984-05-05  1984-08-25
30 4744  475 1984-12-23 1985-04-13  1985-09-14* amended by #31
31 4851 1848 1985-08-18 ----------  1985-08-31
32 4932  899 1986-04-22 1986-05-17  1986-09-06
33 5013  580 1987-02-15 1987-04-18* 1987-08-22* revoked by #34
34 5021  744 1987-03-30 1987-04-14  1987-09-12
35 5096  659 1988-02-14 1988-04-09  1988-09-03
36 5167  514 1989-02-03 1989-04-29  1989-09-02
37 5248  375 1990-01-23 1990-03-24  1990-08-25
38 5335  612 1991-02-10 1991-03-09* 1991-08-31	 amended by #39
1992-03-28  1992-09-05
39 5339  709 1991-03-04 1991-03-23  ----------
40 5506  503 1993-02-18 1993-04-02  1993-09-05
1994-04-01  1994-08-28
1995-03-31  1995-09-03
41 5731  438 1996-01-01 1996-03-14  1996-09-15
1997-03-13* 1997-09-18* overridden by 1997 Temp Prov
1998-03-19* 1998-09-17* revoked by #42
42 5853 1243 1997-09-18 1998-03-19  1998-09-05
43 5937   77 1998-10-18 1999-04-02  1999-09-03
2000-04-14* 2000-09-15* revoked by #44
2001-04-13* 2001-09-14* revoked by #44
44 6024   39 2000-03-14 2000-04-14  2000-10-22* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov
2001-04-06* 2001-10-10* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov
2002-03-29* 2002-10-29* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov

These are laws enacted by the Knesset since the Minister could only alter the
transition dates at least six months in advanced under the 1992 Law.
dated		start		end
1997 Temporary Provisions	1997-03-06	1997-03-20	1997-09-13
2000 Temporary Provisions	2000-07-28	----------	2000-10-06
2001-04-09	2001-09-24
2002-03-29	2002-10-07
2003-03-28	2003-10-03
2004-04-07	2004-09-22
Note:
Transition times in 1940-1957 (#1-#24) were midnight GMT,
in 1974-1998 (#25-#42 and the 1997 Temporary Provisions) were midnight,
in 1999-April 2000 (#43,#44) were 02:00,
in the 2000 Temporary Provisions were 01:00.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Links:
1 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537490&increment=687
2 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537490&increment=716
3 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537491&increment=721
4 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537491&increment=958
5 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537502&increment=558
6 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537511&increment=105
7 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537516&increment=278
8 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537522&increment=248
9 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537530&increment=329
10 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537537&increment=601
11 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-002.pdf#page=3
12 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-017-t2.pdf#page=4
13 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0006.pdf#page=3
14 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0080.pdf#page=7
15 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0164.pdf#page=10
16 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0206.pdf#page=4
17 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0212.pdf#page=2
18 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0254.pdf#page=4
19 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0300.pdf#page=5
20 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0348.pdf#page=3
21 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0420.pdf#page=5
22 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0497.pdf#page=10
23 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0591.pdf#page=6
24 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0680.pdf#page=3
25 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3192.pdf#page=2
26 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3322.pdf#page=5
27 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4146.pdf#page=2
28 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4604.pdf#page=7
29 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4619.pdf#page=2
30 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4744.pdf#page=11
31 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4851.pdf#page=2
32 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4932.pdf#page=19
33 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5013.pdf#page=8
34 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5021.pdf#page=8
35 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5096.pdf#page=3
36 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5167.pdf#page=2
37 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5248.pdf#page=7
38 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5335.pdf#page=6
39 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5339.pdf#page=7
40 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5506.pdf#page=19
41 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5731.pdf#page=2
42 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5853.pdf#page=3
43 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5937.pdf#page=9
44 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-6024.pdf#page=4

Time Determination (Temporary Provisions) Law, 1997
https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law19/p201_003.htm

Time Determination (Temporary Provisions) Law, 2000
https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law19/p201_004.htm

Time Determination Law, 1992 and amendments
https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p201_002.htm
https://main.knesset.gov.il/Activity/Legislation/Laws/Pages/LawPrimary.aspx?lawitemid=2001174

Attached to: Zion (asia)

Paul Eggert (2020-10-27):

Several of the midnight transitions mentioned above are ambiguous;
are they 00:00, 00:00s, 24:00, or 24:00s?  When resolving these ambiguities,
try to minimize changes from previous tzdb versions, for lack of better info.
Commentary from previous versions is included below, to help explain this.

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Zion (asia)

Ephraim Silverberg (2020-10-26):

The current time law (2013) from the State of Israel can be viewed
(in Hebrew) at:
ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/israel/announcements/2013+law.pdf
It translates to:
Every year, in the period from the Friday before the last Sunday in
the month of March at 02:00 a.m. until the last Sunday of the month
of October at 02:00 a.m., Israel Time will be advanced an additional
hour such that it will be UTC+3.

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Zion (asia)

Paul Eggert (2020-01-19):

Starting in the 7th century, Japan generally followed an ancient Chinese
timekeeping system that divided night and day into six hours each,
with hour length depending on season.  In 1873 the government
started requiring the use of a Western style 24-hour clock.  See:
Yulia Frumer, "Making Time: Astronomical Time Measurement in Tokugawa Japan"
<https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1043907065>.  As the tzdb code and
data support only 24-hour clocks, its tables model timestamps before
1873 using Western-style local mean time.

Attached to: Japan (asia)

Steffen Thorsen (2020-10-20):

Some sources such as these say, and display on clocks, that DST ended at
midnight last year...
https://www.amad.ps/ar/post/320006

Attached to: EgyptAsia (asia)

Tim Parenti (2020-10-20):

The report of the Palestinian Cabinet meeting of 2019-10-14 confirms
a decision on (translated): "The start of the winter time in Palestine, by
delaying the clock by sixty minutes, starting from midnight on Friday /
Saturday corresponding to 26/10/2019."
http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/43948

Attached to: EgyptAsia (asia)

Sharef Mustafa (2020-10-20):

As per the palestinian cabinet announcement yesterday , the day light saving
shall [end] on Oct 24th 2020 at 01:00AM by delaying the clock by 60 minutes.
http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/Meeting/Details/51584

Attached to: EgyptAsia (asia)

Pierre Cashon (2020-10-20):

The summer time this year started on March 28 at 00:00.
https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=GveQNZa872839351758aGveQNZ
http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/50284
The winter time in 2015 started on October 23 at 01:00.
https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=CgpCdYa670694628582aCgpCdY
http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/27583

Attached to: EgyptAsia (asia)

Raymond Kumar (2020-10-08):

[DST in Fiji] is from December 20th 2020, till 17th January 2021.

Attached to: Fiji (australasia)

Alan Mintz (2020-10-08):

https://www.laws.gov.fj/LawsAsMade/GetFile/1071

Attached to: Fiji (australasia)

Tim Parenti (2020-10-08):

https://www.fijivillage.com/news/Daylight-saving-from-Dec-20th-this-year-to-Jan-17th-2021-8rf4x5/
"Minister for Employment, Parveen Bala says they had never thought of
stopping daylight saving. He says it was just to decide on when it should
start and end.  Bala says it is a short period..."

From Tim Parenti (2021-10-11), per Jashneel Kumar (2021-10-11) and P Chan
(2021-10-12):
https://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Centre/Speeches/English/PM-BAINIMARAMA-S-COVID-19-ANNOUNCEMENT-10-10-21
https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/news/covid-19/curfew-moved-back-to-11pm/
In a 2021-10-10 speech concerning updated Covid-19 mitigation measures in
Fiji, prime minister Josaia Voreqe "Frank" Bainimarama announced the
suspension of DST for the 2021/2022 season: "Given that we are in the process
of readjusting in the midst of so many changes, we will also put Daylight
Savings Time on hold for this year. It will also make the reopening of
scheduled commercial air service much smoother if we don't have to be
concerned shifting arrival and departure times, which may look like a simple
thing but requires some significant logistical adjustments domestically and
internationally."

Attached to: Fiji (australasia)

P Chan (2020-11-27):

Joint Daylight Saving Regulation No 59 of 1973
New Hebrides Condominium Gazette No 336. December 1973
http://www.paclii.org/vu/other/VUNHGovGaz//1973/11.pdf#page=15

Joint Daylight Saving (Repeal) Regulation No 10 of 1974
New Hebrides Condominium Gazette No 336. March 1974
http://www.paclii.org/vu/other/VUNHGovGaz//1974/3.pdf#page=11

Summer Time Act No. 35 of 1982 [commenced 1983-09-01]
http://www.paclii.org/vu/other/VUGovGaz/1982/32.pdf#page=48

Summer Time Act (Cap 157)
Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Revised Edition 1988
http://www.paclii.org/cgi-bin/sinodisp/vu/legis/consol_act1988/sta147/sta147.html

Summer Time (Amendment) Act No. 6 of 1991 [commenced 1991-11-11]
http://www.paclii.org/vu/legis/num_act/sta1991227/

Summer Time (Repeal) Act No. 4 of 1993 [commenced 1993-05-03]
http://www.paclii.org/vu/other/VUGovGaz/1993/15.pdf#page=59

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Vanuatu (australasia)

P Chan (2020-11-20):

Daylight Saving Act 1916 (No. 40 of 1916) [1916-12-21, commenced 1917-01-01]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/num_act/dsa1916401916192/

Daylight Saving Repeal Act 1917 (No. 35 of 1917) [1917-09-25]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/num_act/dsra1917351917243/

Statutory Rules 1941, No. 323 [1941-12-24]
https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C1941L00323

Statutory Rules 1942, No. 392 [1942-09-10]
https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C1942L00392

Statutory Rules 1943, No. 241 [1943-09-29]
https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C1943L00241

All transition times should be 02:00 standard time.

P Chan (2020-11-20):

Tasmania observed DST in 1916-1919.

Daylight Saving Act, 1916 (7 Geo V, No 2) [1916-09-22]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/num_act/tdsa19167gvn2267/

Daylight Saving Amendment Act, 1917 (8 Geo V, No 5) [1917-10-01]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/num_act/tdsaa19178gvn5347/

Daylight Saving Act Repeal Act, 1919 (10 Geo V, No 9) [1919-10-24]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/num_act/tdsara191910gvn9339/

King Island is mentioned in the 1967 Act but not the 1968 Act.
Therefore it possibly observed DST from 1968/69.

Daylight Saving Act 1967 (No. 33 of 1967) [1967-09-22]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/num_act/dsa196733o1967211/

Daylight Saving Act 1968 (No. 42 of 1968) [1968-10-15]
http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/num_act/dsa196842o1968211/

The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
#  The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
#					[ Nov 1990 ]

Michael Deckers (2020-06-11):

the law of 1891 <https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k64415343.texteImage>
was published on 1891-03-15, so it could only take force on 1891-03-16.

Attached to: France (europe)

Michael Deckers (2020-06-10):

Le Gaulois, 1911-03-11, page 1/6, online at
https://www.retronews.fr/societe/echo-de-presse/2018/01/29/1911-change-lheure-de-paris
... [ Instantly, all pressure driven clock dials halted...  Nine minutes and
twenty-one seconds later the hands resumed their circular motion. ]
There are also precise reports about how the change was prepared in train
stations: all the publicly visible clocks stopped at midnight railway time
(or were covered), only the chief of service had a watch, labeled
"Heure ancienne", that he kept running until it reached 00:04:21, when
he announced "Heure nouvelle".  See the "Le Petit Journal 1911-03-11".
https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6192911/f1.item.zoom

Attached to: France (europe)

Michael Deckers (2020-06-12):

That "all French clocks stopped" for 00:09:21 is a misreading of French
newspapers; this sort of adjustment applies only to certain
remote-controlled clocks ("pendules pneumatiques", of which there existed
perhaps a dozen in Paris, and which simply could not be set back remotely),
but not to all the clocks in all French towns and villages.  For instance,
the following story in the "Courrier de Saône-et-Loire" 1911-03-11, page 2:
only works if legal time was stepped back (was not monotone): ...
[One can observe that children who had been born at midnight less 5
minutes and who had died at midnight of the old time, would turn out to
be dead before being born, time having been set back and having
suppressed 9 minutes and 25 seconds of their existence, that is, more
than they could spend.]

Attached to: France (europe)

Paul Eggert (2020-06-12):

French time in railway stations was legally five minutes behind civil time,
which explains why railway "old time" ran to 00:04:21 instead of to 00:09:21.
The law's text (which Michael Deckers noted is at
<https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2022333z/f2>) says only that
at 1911-03-11 00:00 legal time was that of Paris mean time delayed by
nine minutes and twenty-one seconds, and does not say how the
transition from Paris mean time was to occur.

tzdb has no way to represent stopped clocks.  As the railway practice
was to keep a watch running on "old time" to decide when to restart
the other clocks, this could be modeled as a transition for "old time" at
00:09:21.  However, since the law was ambiguous and clocks outside railway
stations were probably done haphazardly with the popular impression being
that the transition was done at 00:00 "old time", simply leave the time
blank; this causes zic to default to 00:00 "old time" which is good enough.
Do something similar for the 1891-03-16 transition.  There are similar
problems in Algiers, Monaco and Tunis.


Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: France (europe)

Michael Deckers (2020-06-09):

an Austrian encyclopedia of railroads of 1913, online at
http://www.zeno.org/Roell-1912/A/Eisenbahnzeit
says that the switch [to CET] happened on 1890-11-01.

Attached to: Hungary (europe)

Géza Nyáry (2020-06-07):

Data for 1918-1983 are based on the archive database of Library Hungaricana.
The dates are collected from original, scanned governmental orders,
bulletins, instructions and public press.
[See URLs below.]

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1918/?pg=238
https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1919/?pg=808
https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1920/?pg=201

Attached to: Hungary (europe)

Alexander Krivenyshev (2020-11-27):

The State Duma approved (Nov 24, 2020) the transition of the Volgograd
region to the Moscow time zone....
https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/1012130-7

Attached to: Europe/Volgograd (europe)

Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-05):

Currently proposed text for the second reading (expected on December 8) ...
changes the date to December 27. https://v1.ru/text/gorod/2020/12/04/69601031/

Attached to: Europe/Volgograd (europe)

Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-22):

The law was published today on
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202012220002

Attached to: Europe/Volgograd (europe)

Jeffery Nichols (2020-01-09):

America/Halifax ... also applies to Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the Listuguj
reserve in Quebec. Officially, this came into effect on January 1, 2007
(Legal Time Act, CQLR c T-5.1), but the legislative debates surrounding that
bill say that it is "accommodating the customs and practices" of those
regions, which suggests that they have always been in-line with Halifax.

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Halifax (northamerica)

Paul Eggert (2020-01-10):

See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
See America/Halifax for the Îles de la Madeleine and the Listuguj reserve.
See America/Puerto_Rico for east of Natashquan.

Ontario

Attached to: Toronto (northamerica)

Tim Parenti (2020-03-05):

The government of Yukon announced [yesterday] the cessation of seasonal time
changes.  "After clocks are pushed ahead one hour on March 8, the territory
will remain on [UTC-07].  ... [The government] found 93 per cent of
respondents wanted to end seasonal time changes and, of that group, 70 per
cent wanted 'permanent Pacific Daylight Saving Time.'"
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-end-daylight-saving-time-1.5486358

Although the government press release prefers PDT, we prefer MST for
consistency with nearby Dawson Creek, Creston, and Fort Nelson.
https://yukon.ca/en/news/yukon-end-seasonal-time-change

Attached to: NT_YK (northamerica)

Andrew G. Smith (2020-09-24):

Yukon has completed its regulatory change to be on UTC -7 year-round....
http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2020_125.pdf
What we have done is re-defined Yukon Standard Time, as we are
authorized to do under section 33 of our Interpretation Act:
http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/acts/interpretation_c.pdf

Attached to: NT_YK (northamerica)

Paul Eggert (2020-09-24):

tzdb uses the obsolete YST abbreviation for standard time in Yukon through
about 1970, and uses PST for standard time in Yukon since then.  Consistent
with that, use MST for -07, the new standard time in Yukon effective Nov. 1.

Attached to: NT_YK (northamerica)

P Chan (2020-12-09 and 2020-12-11):

Standard time of GMT-4 was adopted in 1911.
Definition of Time Act, 1911 (1911-7) [1911-08-28]
1912, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 919801291, Vol. 4, Image No. 522
1944, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 84548697, Vol. 4, Image No. 122
http://llmc.com/browse.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297

DST was observed in 1942-44.
Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1942, 1942-04-13
Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1942, 1942-08-22
Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1943, 1943-04-16
Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1943, 1943-09-01
Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1944, 1944-03-21
[Defence (Daylight Saving) (Amendment) Regulations 1944, 1944-03-28]
Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1944, 1944-08-30

1914-, Subsidiary Legis., Annual Vols. OCLC Number: 226290591
1942: Image Nos. 527-528, 555-556
1943: Image Nos. 178-179, 198
1944: Image Nos. 113-115, 129
http://llmc.com/titledescfull.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297&set=98437

Attached to: Barb (northamerica)

P Chan (2020-11-03):

Below are some laws related to the time in British Honduras/Belize:

Definition of Time Ordinance, 1927 (No.4 of 1927) [1927-04-01]
Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1927, p 19-20
https://books.google.com/books?id=LqEpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA19

Definition of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1942 (No. 5 of 1942) [1942-06-27]
Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1942, p 31-32
https://books.google.com/books?id=h6MpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA6-PA95-IA44

Definition of Time Ordinance, 1945 (No. 19 of 1945) [1945-12-15]
Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1945, p 49-50
https://books.google.com/books?id=xaMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PP1

Definition of Time Ordinance, 1947 (No. 1 of 1947) [1947-03-11]
Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1947, p 1-2
https://books.google.com/books?id=xaMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA1

Time (Definition of) Ordinance  (Chapter 180)
The Laws of British Honduras in Force on the 15th Day of September, 1958 , Volume IV, p 2580
https://books.google.com/books?id=v5QpAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA2580

Time (Definition of) (Amendment) Ordinance, 1968 (No. 13 of 1968) [1968-08-03]
https://books.google.com/books?id=xij7KEB_58wC&pg=RA1-PA428-IA9

Definition of Time Act (Chapter 339)
Law of Belize, Revised Edition 2000
http://www.belizelaw.org/web/lawadmin/PDF%20files/cap339.pdf

Attached to: Belize (northamerica)

Paul Eggert (2020-11-03):

The transitions below are derived from P Chan's sources, except that the
1973 through 1983 transitions are from Shanks & Pottenger since we have
no better data there.

Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Attached to: Belize (northamerica)

P Chan (2020-11-20):

Most of the information can be found online from the Bermuda National
Library - Digital Collection which includes The Royal Gazette (RG) until 1957
https://bnl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/
I will cite the ID.  For example, [10000] means
https://bnl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/BermudaNP02/id/10000

1917: Apr 5 midnight to Sep 30 midnight
Daylight Saving Act, 1917 (1917 No. 13) [1917-04-02]
Bermuda Acts and Resolves 1917, p 37-38
https://books.google.com/books?id=M-lCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA36-IA2
RG, 1917-04-04, p 6 [42340] gives the spring forward date.

1918: Apr 13 midnight to Sep 15 midnight
Daylight Saving Act, 1918 (1918 No. 9) [1918-04-06]
Bermuda Acts and Resolves 1917, p 13
https://books.google.com/books?id=K-lCAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA7

Note that local mean time was still used before 1930.

During WWII, DST was introduced by Defence Regulations
1942: Jan 11 02:00 to Oct 18 02:00 [113646], [115726]
1943: Mar 21 02:00 to Oct 31 02:00 [116704], [118193]
1944: Mar 12 02:00 to Nov 5 02:00 [119225], [121593]
1945: Mar 11 02:00 to Nov 4 02:00 [122369], [124461]
RG, 1942-01-08, p 2, 1942-10-12, p 2 , 1943-03-06, p 2, 1943-09-03, p 1,
1944-02-29, p 6, 1944-09-20, p 2, 1945-02-13, p 2, 1945-11-03, p 1

In 1946, the House of Assembly rejected DST twice. [128686], [128076]
RG, 1946-03-16 p 1,1946-04-13 p 1

1947: third Sunday in May 02:00 to second Sunday in September 02:00
DST in 1947 was defined in the Daylight Saving Act, 1947 (1947: No. 12)
which expired at the end of the year.  [125784] ,[132405], [144454], [138226]
RG, 1947-02-27, p 1, 1947-05-15, p 1, 1947-09-13, p 1, 1947-12-30, p 1

1948-1952: fourth Sunday in May 02:00 to first Sunday in September 02:00
DST in 1948 was defined in the Daylight Saving Act, 1948 (1948 : No. 12)
which was set to expired at the end of the year but it was extended until
the end of 1952 and was not further extended.
[129802], [139403], [146008], [135240], [144330], [139049], [143309],
[148271], [149773], [153589], [153802], [155924]
RG, 1948-04-13, p 1, 1948-05-22, p 1, 1948-09-04, p 1, 1949-05-21, p1,
1949-09-03, p 1, 1950-05-27 p 1, 1950-09-02, p 1, 1951-05-27, p 1,
1951-09-01, p 1, 1952-05-23, p 1, 1952-09-26, p 1, 1952-12-21, p 8

In 1953-1955, the House of Assembly rejected DST each year. [158996],
[162620], [166720] RG, 1953-05-02, p 1, 1954-04-01 p 1, 1955-03-12, p 1

1956: fourth Sunday in May 02:00 to last Sunday in October 02:00
Time Zone (Seasonal Variation) Act, 1956 (1956: No.44) [1956-05-25]
Bermuda Public Acts 1956, p 331-332
https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs1AlmD_cEwC&pg=PA63

The extension of the Act was rejected by the House of Assembly. [176218]
RG, 1956-12-13, p 1

From the Chronological Table of Public and Private Acts up to 1985, it seems
that there does not exist other Acts related to DST before 1973.
https://books.google.com/books?id=r9hMAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA23-PA1
Public Acts of the Legislature of the Islands of Bermuda, Together with
Statutory Instruments in Force Thereunder, Vol VII

Attached to: Bermuda (northamerica)

P Chan (2020-11-27):

Standard Time Declaration Order 2015 (L.N. 15/2015)
http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/czin/#p=2

Standard Time Declaration Order 2017 (L.N. 31/2017)
http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/dmcu/#p=2

Attached to: America/Grand_Turk (northamerica)

Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):

Although L.N. 31/2017 reads that it "shall come into operation at 2:00 a.m.
on 11th March 2018", a precise interpretation here poses some problems.  The
order states that "the standard time to be observed throughout the Turks and
Caicos Islands shall be the same time zone as the Eastern United States of
America" and further clarifies "[f]or the avoidance of doubt" that it
"applies to the Eastern Standard Time as well as any changes thereto for
Daylight Saving Time."  However, as clocks in Turks and Caicos approached
02:00 -04, and thus the declared implementation time, it was still 01:00 EST
(-05), as DST in the Eastern US would not start until an hour later.

Since it is unlikely that those on the islands switched their clocks twice in
the span of an hour, we assume instead that the adoption of EDT actually took
effect once clocks in the Eastern US had sprung forward, from 03:00 -04.
This discrepancy only affects the time zone abbreviation and DST flag for the
intervening hour, not wall clock times, as -04 was maintained throughout.

Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Attached to: America/Grand_Turk (northamerica)

P Chan (2020-11-27):

https://books.google.com/books?id=5-5CAQAAMAAJ&pg=SA1-PA547
The Official Gazette of British Guiana. (New Series.) Vol. XL. July to
December, 1915, p 1547, lists as several notes:
"Local Mean Time 3 hours 52 mins. 39 secs. slow of Greenwich Mean Time
(Georgetown.) From 1st August, 1911, British Guiana Standard Mean Time 4
hours slow of Greenwich Mean Time, by notice in Official Gazette on 1st July,
1911.  From 1st March, 1915, British Guiana Standard Mean Time 3 hours 45
mins. 0 secs. slow of Greenwich Mean Time, by notice in Official Gazette on
23rd January, 1915."

https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/10923-act_no._27_of_1975_-_interpretation_and_general_clauses_(amendment)_act_1975.pdf
Interpretation and general clauses (Amendment) Act 1975 (Act No. 27 of 1975)
[dated 1975-07-31]
"This Act...shall come into operation on 1st August, 1975."
"...where any expression of time occurs...the time referred to shall signify
the standard time of Guyana which shall be three hours behind Greenwich Mean
Time."

Circular No. 10/1992 dated 1992-03-20
https://dps.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/1992-03-20-Circular-010.pdf
"...cabinet has decided that with effect from Sunday 29th March, 1992, Guyana
Standard Time would be re-established at 01:00 hours by adjusting the hands
of the clock back to 24:00 hours."
Legislated in the Interpretation and general clauses (Amendment) Act 1992
(Act No. 6 of 1992) [passed 1992-03-27, published 1992-04-18]
https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/5885-6_of_1992_interpretation_and_general_clauses_(amendment)_act_1992.pdf

Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Attached to: America/Guyana (southamerica)

Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):

The following remarks should be incorporated into this table sometime.
Patches in 'git format-patch' format would be welcome.

Attached to: Ghana (backzone)

Phake Nick (2020-04-15):

... the historical timezone data for those China zones seems to be
incorrect.  The transition to GMT+8 date given there for these zones
were 1980 which also contradict the file description that they do
not disagree with normal zone after 1970.  According to sources that
have also been cited in the asia file, except Xinjiang and Tibet,
they should have adopted the Beijing Time from around 1949/1950
depends on exactly when each of those cities were taken over by the
communist army.  And they should also follow the DST setting of
Asia/Shanghai after that point of time.  In addition,
http://gaz.ncl.edu.tw/detail.jsp?sysid=E1091792 the document from
Chongqing Nationalist government say in year 1945 all of China
should adopt summer time due to the war (not sure whether it
continued after WWII ends)(Probably only enforced in area under
their rule at the time?)  The Asia/Harbin's 1932 and 1940 entry
should also be incorrect.  As per sources recorded at
https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/%E6%BA%80%E5%B7%9E%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%99%82
, in 1932 Harbin should have adopted UTC+8:00 instead of data
currently listed in the tz database according to official
announcement from Manchuko.  And they should have adopted GMT+9 in
1937 January 1st according to official announcement at the time
being cited on the webpage.


Zones are sorted by zone name.  Each zone is preceded by the
name of the country that the zone is in, along with any other
commentary and rules associated with the entry.
If the zone overrides links in the main data, it
is followed by the corresponding Link lines.
If the zone overrides main-data links only when building with
PACKRATLIST=zone.tab, it is followed by a commented-out Link line
that starts with "#PACKRATLIST zone.tab".

As explained in the zic man page, the zone columns are:
Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
and the rule columns are:
Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S


Ghana

Attached to: Ghana (backzone)

P Chan (2020-11-20):

Interpretation Amendment Ordinance, 1915 (No.24 of 1915) [1915-11-02]
Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1915, p 69-71
https://books.google.com/books?id=ErA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA70
This Ordinance added "'Time' shall mean Greenwich Mean Time" to the
Interpretation Ordinance, 1876.

Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919 (No. 18 of 1919) [1919-11-24]
Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1919, p 75-76
https://books.google.com/books?id=MbA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA75
This Ordinance removed the previous definition of time and introduced DST.

Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 214)
The Laws of the Gold Coast (including Togoland Under British Mandate)
Vol. II (1937), p 2328
https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7M-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA2328
Revised edition of the 1919 Ordinance.

Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1940 (No. 9 of 1940) [1940-04-06]
Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1940, p 22
https://books.google.com/books?id=1ao-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA22
This Ordinance changed the forward transition from September to May.

Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment) Regulations, 1942
(Regulations No. 6 of 1942) [1942-01-31, commenced on 1942-02-08]
Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 48
https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA48
These regulations advanced the [standard] time by thirty minutes.

Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment (No.2)) Regulations,
1942 (Regulations No. 28 of 1942) [1942-04-25]
Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 87
https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA87
These regulations abolished DST and changed the time to GMT+0:30.

Defence (Revocation) (No.4) Regulations, 1945 (Regulations No. 45 of
1945) [1945-10-24, commenced on 1946-01-06]
Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 256
https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA256
These regulations revoked the previous two sets of Regulations.

Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1945 (No. 18 of 1945) [1946-01-06]
Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 69
https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA69
This Ordinance abolished DST.

Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1950 (No. 26 of 1950) [1950-07-22]
Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1950, p 35
https://books.google.com/books?id=e60-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35
This Ordinance restored DST but with thirty minutes offset.

Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 264)
The Laws of the Gold Coast, Vol. V (1954), p 380
https://books.google.com/books?id=Mqc-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA380
Revised edition of the Time Determination Ordinance.

Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1956 (No. 21 of 1956) [1956-08-29]
Annual Volume of the Ordinances of the Gold Coast Enacted During the
Year 1956, p 83
https://books.google.com/books?id=VLE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA83
This Ordinance abolished DST.

Attached to: Ghana (backzone)

P Chan (2020-12-09):

Standard time of GMT-1 was adopted on 1933-04-01.  On 1942-02-01, GMT was
adopted as a war time measure.  This was made permanent in 1946.

Interpretation Ordinance, 1914 (No. 12 of 1914) [1914-09-29]
Interpretation Ordinance, 1933 (No. 10 of 1933) [1933-03-31]
Notice No. 5 of 1942, Colony of the Gambia Government Gazette, Vol. LIX,
No.2, 1942-01-15, p 2
Interpretation (Amendment) Ordinance, 1946 (No. 3 of 1946) [1946-07-15]

Attached to: Africa/Banjul (backzone)

P Chan (2020-12-09):

In 1911, Zomba mean time was adopted as the legal time of Nyasaland.  In
1914, Zomba mean time switched from GMT+2:21:10 to GMT+2:21. On 1925-07-01,
GMT+2 was adopted.

Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance, 1911 (No. 12 of 1911)
[1911-07-24]
Notice No. 124 of 1914, 1914-06-30, The Nyasaland Government Gazette, Vol.
XXI, No. 8, 1914-06-30, p 122
Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance, 1925 (No. 3 of
1925) [1925-04-02]

Attached to: Africa/Blantyre (backzone)

P Chan (2020-12-09):

Standard time of GMT-1 was adopted on 1913-07-01.  Twenty minutes of DST was
introduce[d] in 1932 and was suspended in 1939.  In 1941, GMT was adopted by
Defence Regulations.  This was made permanent in 1946.

Government Notice No. 121 of 1913, 1913-06-06, Sierra Leone Royal Gazette,
Vol. XLIV, No. 1384, 1913-06-14, p 347
Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1932 (No. 34 of 1932) [1932-12-01]
Alteration of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1938 (No. 25 of 1938) [1938-11-24]
Defence Regulations (No. 9), 1939 (Regulations No. 9 of 1939), 1939-09-05
Defence Regulations (No. 11), 1939 (Regulations No. 11 of 1939), 1939-09-27
Defence (Amendment) (No. 17) Regulations, 1941 (Public Notice No. 157 of
1941), 1914-12-04
Alteration of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1946 (No. 2 of 1946) [1946-02-07]

Attached to: SL (backzone)

P Chan (2020-11-27, corrected on 2020-12-02):

There were two periods of DST observed in 1942-1945: 1942-05-01
midnight to 1944-12-31 midnight and 1945-02-01 to 1945-10-17 midnight.
"midnight" should mean 24:00 from the context.

War Time Order 1942 [1942-05-01] and War Time (No. 2) Order 1942  [1942-09-29]
Appendix to the Statutes of 7 George VI. and the Year 1942. p 34, 43
https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA34
https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA43

War Time Order 1943 [1943-03-31] and War Time Order 1944 [1943-12-29]
Appendix to the Statutes of 8 George VI. and the Year 1943. p 9-10, 28-29
https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA9
https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA28

War Time Order 1945 [1945-01-31] and the Order which revoke War Time Order
1945 [1945-10-16] Appendix to the Statutes of 9 George VI. and the Year
1945. p 160, 247-248
https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA6-PA160
https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA6-PA247

Attached to: Bahamas (backzone)

Jeffery Nichols (2020-02-06):

According to the [Shanks] atlas, those western Ontario zones are huge,
covering most of Ontario northwest of Sault Ste Marie and Timmins.
The zones seem to include towns bigger than the ones they're named after,
like Dryden in America/Rainy_River and Wawa (and maybe Attawapiskat) in
America/Nipigon.  I assume it's too much trouble to change the name of the
zone (like when you found out that America/Glace_Bay includes Sydney, Nova
Scotia)....

Attached to: America/Thunder_Bay (backzone)

Paul Eggert (2020-07-23):

Most of this data comes from:
Stewart A. Why Gulf Standard Time is far from standard: the fascinating story
behind the time zone's invention. The National (Abu Dhabi). 2020-07-22.
https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/why-gulf-standard-time-is-far-from-standard-the-fascinating-story-behind-the-time-zone-s-invention-1.1052589
Stewart writes that before 1941 some companies in Bahrain were at +0330 and
others at +0323.  Reginald George Alban, a British political agent based in
Manama, worked to standardize this, and from 1941-07-20 Bahrain was at
+0330.  However, BOAC asked that clocks be moved to gain more light at day's
end, so Bahrain switched to +04 on 1944-01-01.

Re the 1941 transition, Stewart privately sent me this citation:
"File 16/53 Enquiries Re: Calculation of Local Time", British Library: India
Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/1564, in Qatar Digital Library
https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100000000282.0x00012b
It says there was no real standard in Bahrain before 1941-07-20.
+0330 was used by steamers of the British India Co, by Petroleum Concessions
and by Cable & Wireless; +0323 was used by the Eastern Bank Ltd, BOAC, and
Bahrein Petroleum (Bapco), and California Arabian Standard Oil Co (Casoc)
adopted DST effective 1941-05-24.  Alban suggested adopting DST, R.B. Coomb
of C&W countersuggested +0330, and although C.A. Rodstrom of Casoc (formerly
of Bapco) stated that Bahrain had formerly used +0330 before Bapco arrived
but Bapco switched to +0323 because of "constant confusion", the consensus
was +0330.  The government adopted +0330 in 1941-07-20 and companies seem to
have switched by 08-01.  No time of day was given for the 1940s transitions.

Attached to: Asia/Bahrain (backzone)

Michael Deckers (2020-06-12):

In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at
https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf
we read: ...
[In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year],
legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1,
1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.]
In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at
https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf
we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ...
[Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation
of the present ordinance, to legal time in France....  Consequently, legal
time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.]

Attached to: Europe/Monaco (backzone)

P Chan (2020-11-27):

Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01.

Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237)
The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571
https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571

Attached to: Indian/Mahe (backzone)

Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):

A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689
confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st
January, 1907."

Attached to: Indian/Mahe (backzone)